[How to manage risk in the surgical area. A Modal Analysis of Failures and Surgical Effects]

Abstract

Objective: First to identify the areas of improvement in the surgical area before and during the performance of a surgical procedure in general surgery through the application of a Modal Analysis of Failures and Effects. Second to establish preventive measures to avoid adverse events in the surgical area.

Method: A multidisciplinary working group was created in a university hospital for risk management in the General Surgery Operating Room Unit. The Modal Analysis of Faults and Effects was used. Potential risks for the patient in the ante-surgery and within the operating room were identified. The Risk Priority Index was calculated and preventive measures were established for all of them, with special interest when the Risk Priority Index was higher than 100. Preventive measures were developed based on the detected risks as well as those responsible for them.

Results: We identified a greater number of risks when the patient is in the operating room than in the ante-surgery room. Those with a higher risk priority index were: anticoagulated or antiaggregated patients, urinary tract infections, osteoarticular or neuropathic problems, patients not prepared for colon surgery, errors in laterality and leaving compresses in the operative field.

Conclusions: A risk map has been developed in our organization, allowing the design of strategies to improve Patient Safety in the Surgical area. Training is a key aspect to improve Patient Safety.

Keywords: Cultura de seguridad; Gestión de riesgos; Patient safety; Risk management; Safety culture; Seguridad del paciente.