Left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension

Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jan-Feb;63(1):10-21. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.11.009. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Abstract

Hypertension (HTN) is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. The left ventricle (LV) is a primary target for HTN end-organ damage. In addition to being a marker of HTN, LV geometrical changes: concentric remodeling, concentric or eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH) are major independent risk factors for not only CVD morbidity and mortality but also for all-cause mortality and neurological pathologies. Blood pressure control with lifestyle changes and antihypertensive agents has been demonstrated to prevent and regress LVH. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of literature on the relationship between HTN and LV geometry abnormalities with a focus on diagnosis, prognosis, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment approaches.

Keywords: Anti-hypertension therapy; Hypertension; Left ventricular geometry; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Remodeling.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / mortality
  • Hypertension / physiopathology
  • Hypertension / therapy*
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / diagnostic imaging
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / mortality
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / prevention & control*
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left / drug effects*
  • Ventricular Remodeling / drug effects*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents