The ideal treatment for epilepsy would produce complete control without toxicity and without side effects. The physician would like to have surgical therapy as an option for those patients who are not completely free of seizures and for those who are free of seizures but suffer toxic side effects. Surgery for epilepsy has now become an option that should be considered along with various medical treatment options. The success rates have increased and the complication rates decreased dramatically at those centers performing surgery on a substantial number of cases a year. Patients with complex partial seizures with a clear-cut unilateral temporal lobe focus and highly stereotyped seizures are by far the best candidates for surgery. In the hands of several major epilepsy programs significant improvement in seizure frequency is achieved in greater than 90 per cent of patients. Patients with sudden drop attacks or uncontrolled generalized tonic-clonic seizures can benefit from section of the corpus callosum. Good results are seen in 85 per cent of the cases.