"A Pap smear saved my life": Personal experiences of cervical abnormalities shape attitudes to cervical screening renewal

J Med Screen. 2020 Dec;27(4):223-226. doi: 10.1177/0969141319889648. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Abstract

Objective: In 2017, the Australian National Cervical Screening Program changed from two-yearly Pap smears between ages 18 and 69, to five-yearly human papillomavirus screening between ages 25 and 74 (the "Renewal"). This study investigated attitudes towards the changes, among individuals previously affected by cervical abnormalities/cervical cancer, personally or through a friend/relative.

Methods: We conducted a thematic analysis of comments expressing personal history or a family/friend history of cervical abnormalities/cervical cancer as a reason for opposing changes to the cervical screening program. The comments were taken from a 20% random sample of 19,633 comments posted on the "Change.org" petition "Stop May 1st Changes to Pap Smears - Save Women's Lives" in February-March 2017.

Results: There were 831 (20.8%) commenters who reported that they were concerned about a change in screening due to: feelings of increased personal vulnerability to cervical cancer due to their own personal history of cervical abnormalities; comparison of extended screening intervals and later age of first screening to their own experiences; and a perception of increased personal risk due to family history.

Conclusion: Women previously affected by cervical abnormalities or cervical cancer, personally or through a friend/relative, expressed concern about changes to cervical screening due to perceived increased risk and feeling vulnerable due to personal history.

Keywords: Cancer screening; Pap smear; cervical cancer; early diagnosis of cancer; human papilloma virus.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Attitude to Health*
  • Australia
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods*
  • Female
  • Health Communication*
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening
  • Middle Aged
  • Papanicolaou Test / methods*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Vaginal Smears
  • Young Adult