Type 1 diabetes incidence in children and adolescents in Mexico: Data from a nation-wide institutional register during 2000-2018

Abstract

Aims: To describe the annual incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents insured by the Mexican Institute of Social Security, the main health provider in Mexico, during 2000-2018.

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analyses using the incidence registers from the Epidemiological Surveillance Coordination of the Mexican Institute of Social Security collected during 2000-2018. Incident type 1 diabetes cases (age 19 years old and below) were identified using ICD-10-CM E10 diagnostic codes. Age, sex, and geographical region and seasonal-specific incidence were calculated with their corresponding annual percentage change (APC) as well.

Results: In the period 2000-2018, the number of incident cases with type 1 diabetes decreased from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 in insured for subjects below 20 years old. We observed an increase in the 2000-2006, followed by a decrease for the 2006-2018 period (APC +16.1 and -8.7 respectively). Females and children <5 years old had a significant decrease in the incidence rate, while inhabitants in Central Mexico showed a significant increase. No difference was found in incidence between seasons.

Conclusions: Our study describes significant fluctuations of the incidence of type 1 diabetes during the period 2000-2018, which appeared to correspond to influenza outbreaks, among Mexican children and adolescents.

Keywords: Incidence; Mexico; Type 1 diabetes.