Abstract
The gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas has become the foundation for developing numerous molecular systems used in research and, increasingly, in medical practice. In particular, Cas proteins devoid of nucleolytic activity (dead Cas proteins; dCas) can be used to deliver functional cargo to programmed sites in the genome. In this review, we describe current CRISPR systems used for developing different dCas-based molecular approaches and summarize their most significant applications. We conclude with comments on the state-of-art in the CRISPR field and future directions.
Keywords:
Cas9; cancer; chromatin; dCas; editing; epigenetics; hereditary diseases; infectious diseases; inflammatory diseases; transcription.
MeSH terms
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CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 / genetics*
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CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 / metabolism
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CRISPR-Cas Systems*
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Chromatin / chemistry
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Chromatin / metabolism
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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
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Communicable Diseases / genetics
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Communicable Diseases / metabolism
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Communicable Diseases / pathology
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Communicable Diseases / therapy*
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DNA Methylation
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Epigenesis, Genetic
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Gene Editing / methods*
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Genetic Diseases, Inborn / genetics
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Genetic Diseases, Inborn / metabolism
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Genetic Diseases, Inborn / pathology
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Genetic Diseases, Inborn / therapy*
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Genome, Human
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Histones / genetics
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Histones / metabolism
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Humans
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Inflammation / genetics
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Inflammation / metabolism
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Inflammation / pathology
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Inflammation / therapy*
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Neoplasms / genetics
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Neoplasms / metabolism
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Neoplasms / pathology
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Neoplasms / therapy*
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RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics
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RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / metabolism
Substances
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Chromatin
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Histones
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RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
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CRISPR-Associated Protein 9