Comparative analysis of the remineralization potential of CPP-ACP with Fluoride, Tri-Calcium Phosphate and Nano Hydroxyapatite using SEM/EDX - An in vitro study

Charisma Thimmaiah; Priya Shetty; Sowmya B Shetty; Srikant Natarajan; Nithya-Annie Thomas

doi:10.4317/jced.55941

Comparative analysis of the remineralization potential of CPP-ACP with Fluoride, Tri-Calcium Phosphate and Nano Hydroxyapatite using SEM/EDX - An in vitro study

J Clin Exp Dent. 2019 Dec 1;11(12):e1120-e1126. doi: 10.4317/jced.55941. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Authors

Charisma Thimmaiah¹, Priya Shetty², Sowmya B Shetty³, Srikant Natarajan⁴, Nithya-Annie Thomas⁵

Affiliations

¹ MDS, Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India.
² MDS, Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Kuntikana, Mangalore Karnataka, India. Rajiv Gandhi University of Health sciences.
³ MDS, Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Kuntikana, Mangalore Karnataka, India. Rajiv Gandhi University of Health sciences.
⁴ MDS, Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology. Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
⁵ MDS, Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi institute of dental sciences, Nellikuzhi, Kothamanagalam, Kerala -India. Kerala University of health sciences.

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the non-invasive management of non cavitated caries lesions using remineralization systems to repair the enamel have received more attention from the scientific community. Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the remineralization potential of Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate-fluoride(CPP-ACPF), Tri-calcium phosphate(TCP) & Nano-hydroxyapatite(nHAP) using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray Analysis(EDX).

Material and methods: 40 enamel specimens were prepared, and immersed in demineralising solution at a pH of 4.4 for 96 hours at 37°C, to induce artificial carious lesions. Remineralization was carried out for a period of 30 days using CPP-ACPF, TCP, nHAP. The specimens were evaluated for calcium and phosphorus content using SEM-EDX.

Results: The Ca/P mass % after remineralization was significantly higher with CPP-ACP-F and TCP-F followed by nHAP.

Conclusions: CPP-ACP-F and TCP can promote significant remineralization of incipient carious lesions. These are excellent delivery vehicles available in a slow release amorphous form to localize calcium, phosphate and fluoride at the tooth surface. Key words:Remineralization, in vitro; CPP-ACP fluoride, Nano-hydroxyapatite, Tri-calcium phosphate, SEM/ EDX.