Background: Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), also known as Burger's disease, is a devastating disease affecting the arteries and veins of the upper and lower distal limbs most commonly afflicting young male smokers of low socioeconomic status. The expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, B and -DRB1 genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of TAO. Our study aimed to examine the association of different HLA-A, B and -DRB1 genes in TAO patients in the Iranian population.
Methods: A case-control study examining 55 Iranian patients with TAO and 500 healthy subjects was performed in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran. The prevalence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (-A, -B) and class II (-DRB) alleles were determined for each participant.
Results: Our results revealed the HLA-A*03 (odds ratio [OR]=5.394), HLA-A*24 (OR=5.143), HLA-A*31 (OR=4.251), HLA-A*11 (OR=3.034), HLA-B*27 (OR=6.680), HLA-B*15 (OR=3.959), HLA-B*07 (OR=3.698), HLA-B*51 (OR=3.370), HLA-B*44 (OR=3.326), HLA-DRB1*16 (OR=20.583), HLADRB1* 04 (OR=8.960), HLA-DRB1*14 (OR=3.746), HLA-DRB1*03 (OR=2.303), and HLA-DRB1*15 (OR=2.111) alleles to occur at a significantly higher frequency in TAO patients compared to controls (p<0.05). The HLA-A*25, HLA-A*66, HLA-DRB1*08, HLA-DRB1*10, and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles resulted in infinite OR, and was associated with an increased risk of TAO. However, the alleles HLA-A*30, HLA-B*08, HLA-B*45, HLA-B*46, and HLA-B*53 were associated with a protective role against TAO with an OR = 0.
Conclusion: This is the first study examining the HLA pattern in patients with Burger's disease in the Iranian population. Our findings have revealed an association between HLA class I and II alleles with TAO.
Keywords: Buerger’s disease; HLA-DNA typing; MHC; Polymerase chain reaction; Thromboangiitis obliterans.