Examining Differences in Parent Knowledge About Pediatric Food Allergies

Abstract

Objective: Pediatric food allergy (FA) is a serious health condition that has become increasingly prevalent. Parents often play a primary role in assessing and managing risk for their child's FAs, making it critical that they remain informed of the most recent guidelines for FA management. This study aimed to examine if diagnostic source (i.e., pediatrician vs. allergist) and child- and parent-level variables predicted parental FA knowledge using a comprehensive measure.

Methods: The Food Allergy Knowledge Test (FAKT) was administered to parents (N = 518) of children aged 3-17 years with (n = 349) and without (n = 169; i.e., control group) FAs using internet-sampling procedures. The sample was further partitioned into parents of children diagnosed by an allergist or a pediatrician, and control group parents who did or did not endorse knowing someone with an FA.

Results: Significant group differences were found with respect to the overall FAKT score and diagnostic source. Among the FA group, parental relationship to child, income, identification with a minority status, parental anxiety, and child possession of an emergency action plan were significant predictors of FAKT scores.

Conclusions: Knowledge of FA was poor across all groups. Education for caregivers both with and without food-allergic children is important to ensure FA safety in multiple settings. Future directions and limitations are discussed.

Keywords: internet sampling; knowledge; parenting; pediatric food allergies.