[Prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control in Mexico: results from Ensanut 2016]

Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Jan-Feb;62(1):50-59. doi: 10.21149/10752.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of total, diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes, and the prevalence of poor glycemic control in Mexico, and its associated factors.

Materials and methods: Data from 3 700 adult participants were analysed in the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Diabetes prevalences were estimated with population weights, and the factors associated with total diabetes and poor glycemic control with Poisson regression models.

Results: The total prevalence of diabetes was 13.7% (9.5% diagnosed, 4.1% undiagnosed); 68.2% of people with diagnosed diabetes presented poor glycemic control. Longer disease duration, living in the centre or south of the country and being treated in pharmacies were associated with poor glycemic control. Being treated in a social security system was associated with better glycemic control.

Conclusions: Multisectoral efforts are needed to strengthen screening, timely diagnosis and disease control, considering differences by region and type of health service.

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de diabetes (total, diagnosticada y no diagnosticada), de descontrol glucémico en México y sus factores asociados.

Material y métodos: Se analizaron 3 700 adultos participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de 2016. Se estimaron las prevalencias con ponderadores poblacionales y los factores asociados con diabetes total y descontrol glucémico con modelos de regresión de Poisson.

Resultados: La prevalencia total de diabetes fue de 13.7% (9.5% diagnosticada, 4.1% no diagnosticada); 68.2% de los diagnosticados presentó descontrol glucémico. Mayor tiempo de diagnóstico, vivir en el centro/sur del país y ser atendido en farmacias se asoció con descontrol glucémico, mientras que ser atendido en los servicios de seguridad social se asoció con mejor control glucémico.

Conclusiones: Se requieren esfuerzos multisectoriales para fortalecer el tamizaje, diagnóstico oportuno y control de la enfermedad, considerando las diferencias por región y tipo de servicio de salud.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2; epidemiologic surveys; glycemia; prevalence.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Delayed Diagnosis / statistics & numerical data
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analogs & derivatives
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mexico / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Poisson Distribution
  • Prevalence
  • Sex Distribution
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • glucosylated hemoglobin A