Higher dose of resveratrol elevated cardiovascular disease risk biomarker levels in overweight older adults - A pilot study

Abstract

Older adults are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pre-clinical studies indicate that resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol commonly found in grapes and red wine, may help prevent development of CVD. Based on our previous reports where the 300 mg and 1000 mg doses appeared safe and improved psychomotor function in a dose-dependent manner, our hypothesis was that RSV would reduce biomarkers of CVD risk in overweight, but otherwise healthy older adults and that 1000 mg would lower CVD biomarkers >300 mg. This analysis was performed on samples from older participants (65 years and older) who were randomized to a 90 day RSV treatment with 300 mg (n = 10), 1000 mg (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10). We measured levels of CVD risk biomarkers i.e. oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), soluble E-selectin-1 (sE-selectin), soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1), Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), total plasminogen activator inhibitor (tPAI-1). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Both sVCAM-1 and tPAI increased significantly more in the 1000 mg vs. 300 mg and placebo groups. Other biomarkers (300 mg vs. 1000 mg vs. placebo: oxLDL, sEselectin-1 and sICAM-1) followed the same trend toward higher levels in the 1000 mg group compared to the 300 mg and placebo groups, without reaching statistical significance. This pilot project suggests that a higher dose of RSV may increase the levels of CVD risk biomarkers in overweight older adults. Given no change in the CVD risk biomarkers in response to a lower dose, future studies should test the effects of different doses of RSV to evaluate potential detrimental effects of higher doses on CVD biomarkers and measures of cardiovascular function in older adults at risk for CVD.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Clinical trial; Older adults; Overweight; Pilot study; Resveratrol.

Figure 1.

Comparison of mean differences (90-Day follow-up - baseline) of cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers between RSV treatment groups (300mg and 1000mg) and placebo. sVCAM-1= soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (A); sICAM-1=soluble Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (B); oxLDL= oxidized low-density lipoprotein (C); s E-selectin= soluble e-selectin (D); tPAI-1=total plasminogen activator inhibitor (E). Data presented as mean of difference ± standard error.

Figure 1.

Comparison of mean differences (90-Day follow-up - baseline) of cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers between RSV treatment groups (300mg and 1000mg) and placebo. sVCAM-1= soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (A); sICAM-1=soluble Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (B); oxLDL= oxidized low-density lipoprotein (C); s E-selectin= soluble e-selectin (D); tPAI-1=total plasminogen activator inhibitor (E). Data presented as mean of difference ± standard error.