Impact of a nurse-led limited risk factor modification program on arrhythmia outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2020 Feb;31(2):423-431. doi: 10.1111/jce.14336. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Abstract

Background: We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of a nurse-led risk factor modification (RFM) program for improving weight loss and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) care among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective: We now report its impact on arrhythmia outcomes in a subgroup of patients undergoing catheter ablation.

Methods: Participating patients with obesity and/or need for OSA management (high risk per Berlin Questionnaire or untreated OSA) underwent in-person consultation and monthly telephone calls with the nurse for up to 1 year. Arrhythmias were assessed by office ECGs and ≥2 wearable monitors. Outcomes, defined as Arrhythmia control (0-6 self-terminating recurrences, with ≤1 cardioversion for nonparoxysmal AF) and Freedom from arrhythmias (no recurrences on or off antiarrhythmic drugs), were compared at 1 year between patients undergoing catheter ablation who enrolled and declined RFM.

Results: Between 1 November 2016 and 1 April 2018, 195 patients enrolled and 196 declined RFM (body mass index, 35.1 ± 6.7 vs 34.3 ± 6.3 kg/m2 ; 50% vs 50% paroxysmal AF; P = NS). At 1 year, enrolled patients demonstrated significant weight loss (4.7% ± 5.3% vs 0.3% ± 4.4% in declined patients; P < .0001) and improved OSA care (78% [n = 43] of patients diagnosed with OSA began treatment). However, outcomes were similar between enrolled and declined patients undergoing ablation (arrhythmia control in 80% [n = 48] vs 79% [n = 38]; freedom from arrhythmia in 58% [n = 35] vs 71% [n = 34]; P = NS).

Conclusion: Despite improving weight loss and OSA care, our nurse-led RFM program did not impact 1-year arrhythmia outcomes in patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation.

Keywords: atrial fibrillation; catheter ablation; obesity; obstructive sleep apnea; risk factors; weight loss.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation / physiopathology
  • Atrial Fibrillation / surgery*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Catheter Ablation* / adverse effects
  • Diet, Healthy / nursing
  • Exercise
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nurse's Role*
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Obesity / nursing*
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Patient Education as Topic
  • Program Evaluation
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior*
  • Sleep
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / diagnosis
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / nursing*
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / physiopathology
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents