Validation of hindi version of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale as a screening tool for antenatal depression

Abstract

Background: Antenatal depression is recognized as one of the strongest predictors of postnatal depression, which itself is a strong predictor of mental disorders. The detection of antenatal depression is important and requires an accurate and valid screening tool. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is one of the most extensively studied screening instruments for assessing postnatal depression.

Aim: To validate a linguistically and contextually appropriate Hindi version of the EPDS for use in women attending antenatal care in Sehore, Madhya Pradesh.

Methods and material: A rigorously translated and modified Hindi version of the EPDS was developed and validated using the Hindi version of the PHQ-9 as a gold standard. A consecutive sample of women (n = 100) attending antenatal check-ups in healthcare facilities in Sehore district were interviewed.

Results: The validity measure of Receiver Operator Characteristic curve was plotted for different cutoffs of EPDS. The optimal cutoff score for the Hindi validation of the EPDS was 9/10 for antenatal depression with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 65.38%, 79.73%, 53.13%, and 86.76% respectively and area under the curve 0.7346. The internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha was 0.86 indicating good homogeneity.

Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that the Hindi version of the EPDS can be used as a valid measure to screen antenatal depression in India.

Keywords: Antenatal depression; EPDS; Reliability; Screening; Validation.