Normal development in Ambystoma mexicanum: A complementary staging table for the skull based on Alizarin red S staining

Dev Dyn. 2020 May;249(5):656-665. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.152. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Abstract

Background: As the role of Ambystoma mexicanum, or the Mexican axolotl, expands in research applications beyond its traditional use in studies of limb regeneration, a staging table that is more anatomically extensive is required. Here, we describe axolotl skull development as it relates to previously established developmental stages that were based on limb development.

Results: We find that most key developmental events in the skull correspond to these previously established stages, creating easily recognizable stages of axolotl throughout skull morphogenesis.

Conclusions: With this complementary staging table in hand, researchers can stage axolotl larvae when limb data are missing or incomplete, or when cranial data alone is available.

Keywords: Ambystoma mexicanum; axolotl; development; skull; staging.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Ambystoma mexicanum*
  • Animals
  • Anthraquinones
  • Extremities*
  • Regeneration
  • Skull
  • Staining and Labeling

Substances

  • Anthraquinones
  • Alizarin Red S