Ketone Synthesis from Benzyldiboronates and Esters: Leveraging α-Boryl Carbanions for Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation

J Am Chem Soc. 2020 Feb 5;142(5):2429-2437. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b11944. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Abstract

An alkoxide-promoted method for the synthesis of ketones from readily available esters and benzyldiboronates is described. The synthetic method is compatible with a host of sterically differentiated alkyl groups, alkenes, acidic protons α to carbonyl groups, tertiary amides, and aryl rings having common organic functional groups. With esters bearing α-stereocenters, high enantiomeric excess was maintained during ketone formation, establishing minimal competing racemization by deprotonation. Monitoring the reaction between benzyldiboronate and LiOtBu in THF at 23 °C allowed for the identification of products arising from deborylation to form an α-boryl carbanion, deprotonation, and alkoxide addition to form an "-ate" complex. Addition of 4-trifluoromethylbenzoate to this mixture established the α-boryl carbanion as the intermediate responsible for C-C bond formation and ultimately ketone synthesis. Elucidation of the role of this intermediate leveraged additional bond-forming chemistry and enabled the one-pot synthesis of ketones with α-halogen atoms and quaternary centers with four-different carbon substituents.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Anions
  • Boron Compounds / chemistry*
  • Carbon / chemistry*
  • Catalysis
  • Esters / chemistry
  • Ketones / chemical synthesis*

Substances

  • Anions
  • Boron Compounds
  • Esters
  • Ketones
  • Carbon