Supraglottic laryngeal sarcoidosis masquerading as supraglottitis

BMJ Case Rep. 2020 Jan 13;13(1):e232369. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232369.

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a rare multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by non-caseating granulomas in involved organs; it is a diagnosis of exclusion. Laryngeal involvement affects only 0.5%-5% of those with sarcoidosis. It is an uncommon but important cause of supraglottic inflammation and oedema and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with supraglottitis. This case describes a 30-year-old man who presented with stridor and shortness of breath. Flexible nasendoscopic examination revealed a grossly oedematous, pale pink, diffusely hypertrophied epiglottis. Surgical biopsy revealed non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. In the context of exclusion of hepatitis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity, malignancy and mycobacterial infection, the diagnosis of supraglottic laryngeal sarcoid was made. He is being treated with azathioprine immunosuppression with symptomatic improvement.

Keywords: ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology; otolaryngology/ENT.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Azathioprine / therapeutic use*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Laryngeal Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Laryngeal Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Missed Diagnosis
  • Sarcoidosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Sarcoidosis / drug therapy*
  • Supraglottitis / diagnostic imaging
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Azathioprine