Beyond novelty effect: a mixed-methods exploration into the motivation for long-term activity tracker use

Grace Shin; Yuanyuan Feng; Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi; Nicci Gafinowitz

doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy048

Beyond novelty effect: a mixed-methods exploration into the motivation for long-term activity tracker use

JAMIA Open. 2018 Dec 4;2(1):62-72. doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy048. eCollection 2019 Apr.

Authors

Grace Shin¹, Yuanyuan Feng², Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi¹, Nicci Gafinowitz¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Information and Library Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
² Institute for Software Research School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Abstract

Objectives: Activity trackers hold the promise to support people in managing their health through quantified measurements about their daily physical activities. Monitoring personal health with quantified activity tracker-generated data provides patients with an opportunity to self-manage their health. Many have been conducted within short-time frames; makes it difficult to discover the impact of the activity tracker's novelty effect or the reasons for the device's long-term use. This study explores the impact of novelty effect on activity tracker adoption and the motivation for sustained use beyond the novelty period.

Materials and methods: This study uses a mixed-methods approach that combines both quantitative activity tracker log analysis and qualitative one-on-one interviews to develop a deeper behavioral understanding of 23 Fitbit device users who used their trackers for at least 2 months (range of use = 69-1073 days).

Results: Log data from users' Fitbit devices revealed 2 stages: the novelty period and the long-term use period. The novelty period for Fitbit users in this study was approximately 3 months, during which they might have discontinued using their devices.

Discussion: The qualitative interview data identified various factors that users to continuously use the Fitbit devices in different stages. The discussion of these results provides design implications to guide future development of activity tracking technology.

Conclusion: This study reveals important dynamics emerging over long-term activity tracker use, contributes new knowledge to consumer health informatics and human-computer interaction, and offers design implications to guide future development of similar health-monitoring technologies that better account for long-term use in support of patient care and health self-management.

Keywords: activity tracker; consumer health informatics; motivation; patient generated health data.