Dietary anti-inflammatory index, metabolic syndrome and transition in metabolic status; a gender-specific analysis of ATTICA prospective study

Matina Kouvari; Demosthenes B Panagiotakos; Nenad Naumovski; Christina Chrysohoou; Ekavi N Georgousopoulou; Mary Yannakoulia; Dimitrios Tousoulis; Christos Pitsavos; ATTICA study Investigators

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108031

Dietary anti-inflammatory index, metabolic syndrome and transition in metabolic status; a gender-specific analysis of ATTICA prospective study

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Mar:161:108031. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108031. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

Authors

Matina Kouvari¹, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos², Nenad Naumovski³, Christina Chrysohoou⁴, Ekavi N Georgousopoulou⁵, Mary Yannakoulia¹, Dimitrios Tousoulis⁴, Christos Pitsavos⁴; ATTICA study Investigators

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
² Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australia. Electronic address: d.b.panagiotakos@usa.net.
³ Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australia.
⁴ First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece.
⁵ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia; Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.

PMID: 32004695
DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108031

Abstract

Aims: To examine the association between dietary anti-inflammatory index (D-AII) and metabolic syndrome (MetS)prevalence, 10-year (2002-2012) diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia incidence and 10-year transition from healthy (absence of all MetS traits, excluding waist circumference) to unhealthy metabolic status.

Methods: In 2001-2002, n = 1514 men and n = 1528 women (>18 years old) in Athens, Greece, free of cardiovascular disease were recruited. MetS was defined according to the revised NCEP ATP III (2005) or the IDF criteria or the harmonized criteria. The validated D-AII was calculated using a standardized procedure (range 10-77).

Results: Inverse associations were observed between D-AII and transition from healthy to unhealthy metabolic status (Odds Ratio (OR)_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.88 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI)(0.73, 0.98)) and diabetes (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.55, 95%CI(0.29, 0.77)). In women, D-AII was inversely associated with transition from healthy to unhealthy metabolic status (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.55, 95%CI(0.26, 0.90), diabetes (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.41, 95%CI(0.18, 0.64) and hypertension (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.75, 95%CI(0.20, 0.95), yet only with diabetes incidence in men (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 0.62, 95%CI(0.38, 0.93).

Conclusions: Diet with high anti-inflammatory load seems an effective preventive measure to retain a metabolically benign status, principally in terms of glycemic control.

Keywords: Gender; Inflammation; Metabolic syndrome; Nutrition; Primary care.

Publication types

Observational Study

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage*
Blood Glucose / metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
Diet Surveys
Diet*
Energy Metabolism / physiology*
Female
Greece / epidemiology
Health Status*
Humans
Incidence
Male
Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
Middle Aged
Nutrition Assessment
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Sex Factors
Young Adult

Substances

Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Blood Glucose