Correlations of Single-Leg Performance Tests to Patient-Reported Outcomes After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Clin J Sport Med. 2021 Sep 1;31(5):e265-e270. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000780.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to the single-leg step-down test (SLSD) and the Y-balance anterior reach (YB-A) 6 months after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Laboratory.

Participants: Sixty-six patients 6 months after ACLR participated.

Interventions: Patients performed the SLSD, YB-A, and completed PROs after ACLR.

Main outcome measures: Patients completed the International Knee Documentation Committee Score (IKDC), the Lysholm Activity Scale, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-Symptom, -Sport, and -Quality of Life (QOL) subscales. The SLSD requires subjects to complete as many single-leg step-downs as possible in 60 seconds, and the YB-A involves reaching anteriorly on a single limb. Pearson product moment correlations were used to assess relationships between the YB-A and SLSD performance to each PRO.

Results: Single-leg step-down test symmetry was significantly correlated with the TSK-11 (r = -0.70), KOOS-Sport (r = 0.40), -Symptom (r = 0.46), and -QOL (r = 0.42). The YB-A symmetry was significantly correlated with the KOOS-Symptom (r = 0.30) and KOOS-Sport (r = 0.30).

Conclusions: Single-leg step-down test performance demonstrated stronger relationships to patient-reported knee function than the YB-A. Furthermore, the SLSD symmetry was strongly correlated with fear of movement. The SLSD provides a robust method for clinicians to assess dynamic knee function and may aid in identifying patients who could benefit from intervention to reduce fear of movement or reinjury.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries* / surgery
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise Test
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leg
  • Male
  • Patient Reported Outcome Measures
  • Quality of Life
  • Young Adult