Isolated Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare idiopathic benign proliferative disorder of histiocytes, predominantly affecting the lymph nodes. RDD can also present in extranodal tissues and is occasionally found within the central nervous system.

Case description: We report the case of a 52-year-old man presenting with a short episode of dizziness. Imaging identified a right frontal, extraaxial, dural-based lesion, suspicious for a meningioma. The patient underwent a craniotomy for tumor resection and, although not entirely typical, the pathology was consistent with RDD. No other evidence of RDD was identified.

Conclusions: RDD should be considered as a differential diagnosis of dural-based lesions, more commonly meningiomas.

Keywords: Rosai-Dorfman disease; Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy.