Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minorities with Autism Spectrum Disorder

J Autism Dev Disord. 2020 Aug;50(8):3071-3077. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04399-2.

Abstract

We explored the health and health care experiences of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ+) using data from a national, internet-based survey of adults with disabilities supplemented by focused interviews. LGBTQ+ respondents had significantly higher rates of mental illness, poor physical health days per month, and smoking compared to straight, cisgender respondents with ASD. LGBTQ+ respondents also reported much higher rates of unmet health care need, inadequate insurance provider networks, and rates of being refused services by a medical provider. Examining the intersection of LGBTQ+ identity and ASD reveals compounded health disparities that insurers and medical providers are not adequately addressing, particularly as individuals transition to the adult medical system.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Health disparities; LGBTQ+.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / psychology*
  • Delivery of Health Care*
  • Female
  • Gender Identity
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities / psychology*
  • Transgender Persons
  • Young Adult