Orthotopic xenograft model recapitulates the faithful organ-specific microenvironment and facilitates analyses involving tumor-stromal interactions that are crucial for developing new-generation cancer therapy. Herein, we describe the detailed rationales and protocols of a versatile orthotopic xenograft model for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Keywords: Bioluminescence imaging; Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Live animal imaging; Orthotopic model; Xenograft.