The role of a plant-based diet in the pathogenesis, etiology and management of the inflammatory bowel diseases

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Mar;14(3):137-145. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2020.1733413. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Abstract

Introduction: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) carries a significant burden on an individual's quality-of-life and on the healthcare system. The majority of patients use dietary modifications to manage their symptoms, despite limited research to support these changes. There is emerging data that a plant-based diet will be of benefit to IBD patients.Areas covered: A literature review on the pathogenesis and potential benefits of dietary management of IBD.Expert opinion: A Westernized diet has been associated with IBD risk and relapse; hence a plant-based diet may be of benefit to IBD patients through reducing inflammation and restoring symbiosis. Dietary therapy can be an important adjunct therapy, however, better quality studies are still required.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease; crohn’s disease; diet; gut microbiome; plant-based diet; short chain fatty acids; ulcerative colitis; vegetarian diet.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diet, Vegetarian* / methods
  • Dietary Fiber / therapeutic use
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / complications
  • Inflammation / diet therapy*
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / diet therapy*
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / etiology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / physiopathology

Substances

  • Dietary Fiber