Disordered eating is associated with non-medical use of prescription stimulants among college students

Abstract

Background: Disordered eating behaviors are associated with non-medical use of prescription stimulants for weight and appetite-related purposes. Yet, estimates of the prevalence and types of disordered eating associated with non-medical use vary. Additionally, little is known about the association between medical use of prescription stimulants and disordered eating.

Method: Data were collected from 87,296 college students at 127 institutions that participated in the Healthy Minds Study. We assessed the relationship between disordered eating, medical and nonmedical prescription stimulant use using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics, lifestyle and behavioral factors, and psychiatric comorbidity.

Results: Non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) was reported by 2.8 % n = 2435 of the sample. One-third of students using prescription stimulants non-medically reported two or more disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Disordered eating was a significant predictor of non-medical, but not medical use of prescription stimulants. A dose-response relationship was identified between disordered eating and non-medical use, where risk for non-medical use increased with the number of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors reported.

Conclusions: The risk for NMUPS increases with disordered eating symptomatology. There is a need to assess for NMUPS among college students presenting with disordered eating.

Keywords: Eating disorder; Nonmedical prescription drug use; Nonmedical prescription stimulant use.