Fasting and postprandial lipid parameters: A comparative evaluation of cardiovascular risk assessment in prediabetes and diabetes

Montosh Chakraborty; Prerna Singh; Jyothi M P Dsouza; Karthikeyan Pethusamy; Pandurang V Thatkar

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_769_19

Fasting and postprandial lipid parameters: A comparative evaluation of cardiovascular risk assessment in prediabetes and diabetes

J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Jan 28;9(1):287-292. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_769_19. eCollection 2020 Jan.

Authors

Montosh Chakraborty¹, Prerna Singh², Jyothi M P Dsouza², Karthikeyan Pethusamy³, Pandurang V Thatkar⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India.
² Department of Biochemistry, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences, Port Blair, India.
³ Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
⁴ Department of Community Medicine, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences, Port Blair, India.

Abstract

Context: Dyslipidemia plays a crucial role in atherogenesis, in both prediabetes and diabetes. There persists a lacuna in the evaluation of postprandial lipid parameters in prediabetes.

Aims: To comparatively evaluate fasting and postprandial blood lipid parameters and atherogenic lipid ratios for cardiovascular risk assessment, in prediabetes and diabetes.

Materials and methods: Fifty-one patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and thirty-two with prediabetes were selected for the study. Lipid profile and blood glucose were analyzed in fasting and postprandial blood samples.

Statistical analysis used: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's regression analysis were applied.

Results: Postprandially, triglycerides (TG) was increased significantly in diabetes compared to controls (P < 0.01) and prediabetics (P < 0.05). Among the lipid ratios, triglyceride/high density lipoprotein (TG/HDLc) was significantly increased postprandially in diabetes compared to controls (P < 0.05). A comparative analysis of fasting and postprandial parameters within each group showed a significant increase in postprandial TG/HDLc compared to the fasting state in prediabetes (P < 0.001) and diabetes (P < 0.001). Postprandial TG (P < 0.01) and TG/HDLc (P < 0.01) showed a stronger correlation with HbA_1c compared to fasting TG (P < 0.05) and TG/HDLc (P > 0.05). The prevalence of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance was higher in postprandial state than the fasting state in prediabetes and diabetes.

Conclusions: Postprandial TG and the TG/HDLc reflect lipid abnormalities than the corresponding fasting variables in diabetes and prediabetes. Postprandial TG and TG/HDLc are better reflectors of cardiovascular status in prediabetes and diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes; dyslipidemia; fasting lipid profile; postprandial lipid profile; prediabetes.