IgE responses to multiple allergen components among school-aged children in a general population birth cohort in Tokyo

Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada; Magnus P Borres; Magnus K Åberg; Limin Yang; Tatsuki Fukuie; Masami Narita; Hirohisa Saito; Yukihiro Ohya

doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100105

IgE responses to multiple allergen components among school-aged children in a general population birth cohort in Tokyo

World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Feb 25;13(2):100105. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100105. eCollection 2020 Feb.

Authors

Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada¹, Magnus P Borres^{2

3}, Magnus K Åberg², Limin Yang¹, Tatsuki Fukuie¹, Masami Narita¹, Hirohisa Saito⁴, Yukihiro Ohya¹

Affiliations

¹ Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
² Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden.
³ Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract

Background: Response patterns to allergen components among Japanese children have not been studied extensively.

Objective: Our aim was to examine the differences in sensitization patterns at ages 5 years and 9 years to identify longitudinal changes in the degree and patterns of sensitization in a birth cohort of Japanese children.

Methods: Our study enrolled 984 children at aged 5 years between 2008 and 2010, and 729 children aged 9 years between 2012 and 2014. Allergic diseases were assessed using the ISAAC and UK Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria. Serum-specific IgE titers to allergen components were measured by multiplex array ImmunoCAP ISAC when the children were aged 5 and 9 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to characterize IgE sensitization to allergen components.

Results: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased considerably over time (10.6%-31.2%). Furthermore, the sensitization prevalence to allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) also increased from 57.8% at age 5 years to 74.8% at age 9 years. IgE sensitization prevalence to Der f 1 (mites) was 42.1% at age 5 years and 54.3% at age 9 years. Furthermore, children were highly sensitized to Cry j 1 (Japanese cedar) (32.8% at age 5 years and 57.8% at age 9 years). Principle component analysis showed that sensitization to PR-10 cross-reactive components was independent of sensitization to mite and that no children acquired sensitization to pollen before acquiring sensitization to mite.

Conclusions: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis and related allergen components increased from age 5 years to age 9 years in Japanese children.

Keywords: Allergy; Asthma; Atopic dermatitis; CCD, Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant; CRD, Component-resolved diagnostics; Child; Cohort; Eczema; HDM, House dust mite; ISAAC; ISAAC, The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood; ISAC; ISAC, Immuno-solid-phase Allergen Chip; IgE; IgE, Immunoglobulin E; JECS, The Japan Environment and Children's Study; PC, Principal component; PCA, Principal component analysis; PR, Pathogenesis-related; Prospective birth cohort; Rhinitis; Sensitization; UK, The United Kingdom; US, The United States; Wheeze; sIgE, Allergen-specific IgE.