Modular assembly of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase

Biol Chem. 2020 May 26;401(6-7):835-853. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0112.

Abstract

The respiratory pathway of mitochondria is composed of four electron transfer complexes and the ATP synthase. In this article, we review evidence from studies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that both ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase (COX) are assembled from independent modules that correspond to structurally and functionally identifiable components of each complex. Biogenesis of the respiratory chain requires a coordinate and balanced expression of gene products that become partner subunits of the same complex, but are encoded in the two physically separated genomes. Current evidence indicates that synthesis of two key mitochondrial encoded subunits of ATP synthase is regulated by the F1 module. Expression of COX1 that codes for a subunit of the COX catalytic core is also regulated by a mechanism that restricts synthesis of this subunit to the availability of a nuclear-encoded translational activator. The respiratory chain must maintain a fixed stoichiometry of the component enzyme complexes during cell growth. We propose that high-molecular-weight complexes composed of Cox6, a subunit of COX, and of the Atp9 subunit of ATP synthase play a key role in establishing the ratio of the two complexes during their assembly.

Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; ATP synthase; Atp9; Cox6; cytochrome oxidase; mitochondrial biogenesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Electron Transport Complex IV / metabolism*
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / enzymology*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Electron Transport Complex IV
  • Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases