The Injectable Woven Bone-Like Hydrogel to Perform Alveolar Ridge Preservation With Adapted Remodeling Performance After Tooth Extraction

Tao Yang; Peng Xie; Zhenzhen Wu; Yunmao Liao; Wenchuan Chen; Zhichao Hao; Yushu Wang; Zhimin Zhu; Wei Teng

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00119

The Injectable Woven Bone-Like Hydrogel to Perform Alveolar Ridge Preservation With Adapted Remodeling Performance After Tooth Extraction

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Feb 21:8:119. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00119. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Tao Yang¹, Peng Xie², Zhenzhen Wu³, Yunmao Liao², Wenchuan Chen², Zhichao Hao¹, Yushu Wang⁴, Zhimin Zhu², Wei Teng¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
³ Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States.

Abstract

Grafting bone substitute is paramount to prevent the alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction and facilitate the subsequent implant treatment. An ideal bone substitute should acquire the excellent osteogenic property, more importantly, possess the suitable remodeling rate in balance with bone formation and desirable clinical manageability. However, none of bone substitute is simultaneously characterized by these features, and currently, the limited remodeling property leads to the excessive waiting time before implantation. Enlightened by woven bone, the transitional tissue that is able to induce osteogenesis during bone healing could be easily remodeled within a short period and depend on the favorable injectability of hydrogel, an injectable woven bone-like hydrogel (IWBLH) was constructed in this study to address the above problems. To mimic the component and hierarchical structure of woven bone, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and mineralized collagen fibril were synthesized and compounded with alginate to form IWBLHs with various ratio. Screened by physiochemical characterization and in vitro biological assays, an optimal IWBLH was selected and further explored in rat model of tooth extraction. Compared with the most widely used bone substitute, we showed that IWBLH could be easily handled to fully fill the tooth socket, perform a comparable function to prevent the alveolar bone resorption, and completely remodeled within 4 weeks. This IWBLH stands as a promising candidate for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in future.

Keywords: alveolar ridge preservation; amorphous calcium phosphate; biomimetic; injectable hydrogel; mineralized collagen fibril; remodeling; woven bone.