In vitro comparison of 3D printed polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid/bioglass composite scaffolds: Insights into materials for bone regeneration

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2020 Apr:104:103641. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103641. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

Abstract

3D printing of polylactic acid (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) or bioglass (BG) bioceramics composites is the most promising technique for artificial bone construction. However, HA and BG have different chemical composition as well as different bone regeneration inducing mechanisms. Thus, it is important to compare differentiation processes induced by 3D printed PLA + HA and PLA + BG scaffolds in order to evaluate the strongest osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties possessing bioceramics. In this study, we analysed porous PLA + HA (10%) and PLA + BG (10%) composites' effect on rat's dental pulp stem cells fate in vitro. Obtained results indicated, that PLA + BG scaffolds lead to weaker cell adhesion and proliferation than PLA + HA. Nevertheless, osteoinductive and other biofriendly properties were more pronounced by PLA + BG composites. Overall, the results showed a strong advantage of bioceramic BG against HA, thus, 3D printed PLA + BG composite scaffolds could be a perspective component for patient-specific, cheaper and faster artificial bone tissue production.

Keywords: 3D printing; Bioglass; Bone regeneration; Hydroxyapatite; Polylactic acid.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Regeneration
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Ceramics
  • Durapatite*
  • Humans
  • Polyesters
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional
  • Rats
  • Tissue Scaffolds*

Substances

  • Bioglass
  • Polyesters
  • poly(lactide)
  • Durapatite