The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) severity and cavitated carious lesions in schoolchildren. This crosssectional study included 506 schoolchildren selected from public schools. The prevalence and severity of MIH was evaluated using the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria (EAPD), while the prevalence and severity of caries was evaluated by applying the ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System). The prevalence of MIH was 42.4%, with a severity of 21.7% mild, 7.7% moderate, and 13.0% severe. Prevalence was 61.6% for incipient lesions and 34.0% for cavitated lesions. The prevalence of ICDAS II ≥4 lesions was higher in schoolchildren with MIH than in those without MIH (55.8% vs. 44.2%, p<0.001). In the multinomial model, children with MIH in the moderate/ severe category were more likely (OR=3.28; CI95% 1.01 - 10.6, p<0.048) to present cavitated lesions. The presence of MIH at mild levels was not associated with cavitated carious lesions. A high prevalence of MIH was observed. Moderate and severe levels of MIH were associated with cavitated carious lesions. To prevent dental caries, it is important to identify MIH in children, particularly in the moderate and severe categories.
El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la asociación entre la severidad de la Hipomineralización IncisivoMolar (HIM) y las lesiones cavitadas de caries en escolares. Estudio transversal que incluyó a 506 escolares seleccionados de escuelas públicas. La prevalencia y la severidad de HIM se evaluó utilizando los criterios de la European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD), mientras que la prevalencia y severidad de caries se evaluó mediante los criterios del ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System). La prevalencia de HIM fue del 42.4%, por severidad: 21.7% leve; 7.7% moderado y 13.0% severo. La prevalencia de lesiones incipientes fue de 61.6% y 34.0% para lesiones cavitadas de caries. La prevalencia de ICDAS II ≥4 lesiones fue mayor en escolares con HIM que en aquellos sin HIM (55.8% vs 44.2%, p<0.001). En el modelo multinomial, los niños con HIM en la categoría moderada / severa tienen mayor probabilidad (RM = 3.28; IC95% 1.0110.6, p<0.048) de presentar lesiones cavitadas de caries. La presencia de HIM en niveles leves no se asoció con la presencia de lesiones cavitadas de caries. Se observó una alta prevalencia de HIM. Los niveles moderados y severos de HIM se asociaron con lesiones cavitadas de caries. Para prevenir la caries dental, es importante identificar la HIM en los niños, particularmente en las categorías moderada y severa.
Keywords: Dental enamel hypoplasia; oral hygiene; severity of illness index caries.