Burnout syndrome, extracurricular activities and social support among Brazilian internship medical students: a cross-sectional analysis

BMC Med Educ. 2020 Mar 18;20(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-01998-6.

Abstract

Background: Burnout syndrome (BS) is highly prevalent among medical students and is associated with lower empathy and worsening of medical students ́ mental health. The aim of our study was to identify prevalence of BS during internship and its association with self-rated social support and participation in extracurricular activities in one medical school in Brazil.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015, with 121 medical students on internship (56% response rate). They were evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services (MBI) and assessed about socio demographic data, social support and extracurricular activities.

Results: The overall BS prevalence was 57.5% among medical interns. High emotional exhaustion was present in 33.1% (N = 38) of interns, high depersonalization was observed in 45.7% (N = 58) and 36.2% of participants (N = 46) had low personal accomplishment. Individuals with participation in community services had lower frequency of depersonalization (prevalence ratio 0.61 CI95% 0.42-0.88). BS was not associated with different types of extracurricular activities and no association was found among BS and the behaviour of seeking social support.

Conclusions: We found high prevalence of BS in medical interns, however the behaviour of seeking social support had no association with BS. The interns participating in community activities had lower frequency of high depersonalization.

Introdução: A síndrome de Burnout (SB) apresenta alta prevalência entre os estudantes de medicina e está associada a menor empatia e pior saúde mental. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência da SB durante o internato e sua associação com suporte social auto-relatado e atividades extracurriculares em uma faculdade de medicina brasileira.

Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em 2015, com 121 internos (taxa de resposta de 56%). Foram avaliados através da escala validada Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services (MBI) e questionário sociodemográfico que incluiu informações sobre suporte social e participação em atividades extracurriculares.

Resultados: A prevalência total de SB foi 57,5% entre os estudantes. Alta exaustão emocional foi observada em 33,1% (N = 38) dos alunos, alta despersonalização foi observada em 45,7% (N = 58) e 36,2% dos participantes (N = 46) apresentou reduzida realização pessoal. Indivíduos que participaram de serviços comunitários apresentaram menor frequência de alta despersonalização (razão de prevalência 0,61, intervalo de confiança 95% 0,42-0,88). A SB não apresentou associação com demais grupos de atividades extracurriculares ou com grupos de suporte social.

Conclusões: Foi observada alta prevalência de SB em internos de medicina, no entanto o comportamento de procura de suporte social não se associou com SB. Os internos que apresentavam participação em atividades extracurriculares comunitárias apresentavam menor frequência de alta despersonalização.

Keywords: Burnout; Educational activities; Medical students; Social support.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Burnout, Professional / epidemiology
  • Burnout, Professional / psychology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depersonalization / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Internship and Residency*
  • Male
  • Politics
  • Prevalence
  • Social Support*
  • Social Welfare
  • Sports / psychology
  • Students, Medical / psychology*
  • Volunteers / psychology
  • Young Adult