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. 2020 May:139:111277.
doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111277. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Individual and combined cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin and its four metabolites on porcine Leydig cells

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Individual and combined cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin and its four metabolites on porcine Leydig cells

Aru Ling et al. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 May.

Abstract

T-2 toxin, one of the most toxic mycotoxins, is commonly presented along with its metabolites, HT-2 toxin, neosolaniol (NEO), T-2 triol, and T-2 tetraol in foodstuff and feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin alone and in combination with its metabolites on porcine Leydig cells. Based on the determination of cell viability with CCK-8, toxicological interactions were investigated using Combination Index method. The cytotoxic potency of five tested mycotoxins individual and their mixtures all showed with a dose-dependent manner. In view of IC50 values, the decreasing cytotoxicity of mycotoxins was ranking: T-2 toxin > HT-2 toxin > T-2 triol > NEO > T-2 tetraol. Combinations of T-2+HT-2, T-2+NEO, and HT-2+NEO displayed synergism at low doses but antagonism at high doses, while the ternary combination of T-2+HT-2+NEO revealed adverse situation from antagonism to synergism. All binary and ternary combinations of T-2 toxin, T-2 triol, and T-2 tetraol exhibited antagonistic interactions. Our results suggest that the co-occurrence of T-2 toxin and its metabolites might pose a slight threat to reproductive health due to antagonistic interactions. However, the synergy observed should be not ignored especially at low doses of mycotoxins co-occurrence in the diet.

Keywords: Combination index; Cytotoxicity; Porcine Leydig cells; T-2 toxin and metabolites.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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