Breast cancer is a condition with the highest incidence of all neoplasms and a frequent cause of death. Due to increased incidence and mortality, this disease motivates healthcare professionals to redirect efforts to develop effective strategies for secondary prophylaxis. Imagistic investigations play an important role both in detecting lesions and in post-therapeutic evolutionary follow-up. The objective of the paper is to study cases of premalignant and malignant tumors, with a view to their imagistic identification confirmed in terms of histopathology, to highlight the accuracy of the imagistic examination as an important factor in the diagnosis and adaptation of an appropriate therapeutic attitude. The study was performed on a batch of 768 patients admitted to the Department of Surgery III, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu" Institute of Oncology, Bucharest, Romania. The classical examined hypothesis is local examination, mammography, ultrasound, with its variations, and histopathological (HP) confirmation, either by thick-needle biopsy puncture and∕or tumor excision. By correlating with HP examination of the imagistic representation of the lesion, we can show the importance or limitation of each imagistic investigation, but especially its usefulness in the choice of therapeutic behavior. Breast cancer screening using classical techniques currently requires implementation of modern techniques to diagnose this disease.