Hyperthyroidism

Ann Intern Med. 2020 Apr 7;172(7):ITC49-ITC64. doi: 10.7326/AITC202004070.

Abstract

Thyrotoxicosis is a general term for excess circulating and tissue thyroid hormone levels, whereas hyperthyroidism specifically denotes disorders involving a hyperactive thyroid gland (Graves disease, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma). Diagnosis and determination of the cause rely on clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Hyperthyroidism is treated with antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine ablation, or thyroidectomy. Other types of thyrotoxicosis are monitored and treated with β-blockers to control symptoms given that most of these conditions resolve spontaneously.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Antithyroid Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Hyperthyroidism / diagnosis*
  • Hyperthyroidism / therapy*
  • Iodine Radioisotopes / therapeutic use
  • Mass Screening
  • Risk Factors
  • Thyroid Hormones / blood
  • Thyroidectomy
  • Thyrotoxicosis / diagnosis
  • Thyrotoxicosis / therapy

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Antithyroid Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Thyroid Hormones