Education and training are terms which are often used loosely, interchangeably, and require definition. Training is often seen as a series of activities which are related to the acquisition of specific skills and may be narrowly based. Education, on the other hand, has an important value base and is broader in concept. The arguments for and against an 'educated' doctor or a 'trained' doctor are considered, and it is concluded that for medical practice both education and training are required. The implication of this for the preparation of doctors and for their continuing learning is considered.