Clozapine-Related Diarrhea and Colitis: Report of 4 Cases

J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2020 May/Jun;40(3):293-296. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001204.

Abstract

Background: During clozapine treatment, diarrhea is a rare but clinically relevant adverse effect. Cases of microscopic colitis and eosinophilic colitis have been previously reported.

Procedures: We present 4 patients who developed severe diarrhea in early weeks of clozapine therapy.

Findings: Two patients had significant peripheral eosinophilia 1 week after diarrhea symptoms. One of these patients also had Charcot-Leyden crystals in stool afterward, confirming the presence of eosinophils in the gut lumen. One of our patients had a confirmed microscopic colitis and later also neutropenia, which required treatment.

Conclusions: Charcot-Leyden crystals in stool may be associated with concurrent diarrhea and eosinophilia during clozapine treatment, which is a previously unreported finding. Occurrence of blood dyscrasias with diarrhea symptoms during clozapine treatment needs further investigation to understand the possible shared mechanisms.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Clozapine / adverse effects*
  • Colitis / chemically induced*
  • Colitis, Microscopic / chemically induced*
  • Crystallization
  • Diarrhea / chemically induced*
  • Eosinophilia / chemically induced
  • Feces / chemistry
  • Female
  • Glycoproteins / analysis
  • Humans
  • Lysophospholipase / analysis
  • Male
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Glycoproteins
  • Lysophospholipase
  • lysolecithin acylhydrolase
  • Clozapine