Behaviors emerge from activity throughout the brain, but noninvasive optical access in adult vertebrate brains is limited. We show that three-photon (3P) imaging through the head of intact adult zebrafish allows structural and functional imaging at cellular resolution throughout the telencephalon and deep into the cerebellum and optic tectum. With 3P imaging, considerable portions of the brain become noninvasively accessible from embryo to sexually mature adult in a vertebrate model.