Background: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of cytokine-induced killer (CIK)/dendritic cell combined with CIK (DC-CIK) cell therapy in advanced gastrointestinal cancer (GIC).
Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane library, and Embase were searched to conduct a meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CIK/DC-CIK cell therapy in advanced GIC. The pooled risk ratios (RRs) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.
Results: A total of nine studies with 1113 patients were identified. The overall survival (RR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.41-2.40, Pheterogeneity = 0.654, I2 = 0%), progression-free survival (RR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.52-2.60, Pheterogeneity = 0.727, I2 = 0%), and quality of life (WMD = 16.09, 95% CI = 1.66-30.52, Pheterogeneity < 0.001, I2 = 98.8%) were significantly improved in patients who received chemotherapy combined with CIK/DC-CIK cells, and no severe adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that the combination of CIK/DC-CIK immunotherapy and chemotherapy was safe and applicable for patients with advanced GIC. It is a feasible choice to prolong survival and improve quality of life.
Keywords: Advanced gastrointestinal cancer; Cytokine-induced killer; Dendritic cell; Meta-analysis; Systematic review.