Non-traumatic and non-drug-induced rhabdomyolysis

Genovefa Kolovou; Philip Cokkinos; Helen Bilianou; Vana Kolovou; Niki Katsiki; Sophie Mavrogeni

doi:10.5114/amsad.2019.90152

Non-traumatic and non-drug-induced rhabdomyolysis

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis. 2019 Dec 2:4:e252-e263. doi: 10.5114/amsad.2019.90152. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Genovefa Kolovou¹, Philip Cokkinos¹, Helen Bilianou², Vana Kolovou^{1

3}, Niki Katsiki⁴, Sophie Mavrogeni¹

Affiliations

¹ Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
² Cardiology Department, Tzanio Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
³ Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
⁴ First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology-Metabolism, Diabetes Center, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Abstract

Rhabdomyolysis (RM), a fortunately rare disease of the striated muscle cells, is a complication of non-traumatic (congenital (glycogen storage disease, discrete mitochondrial myopathies and various muscular dystrophies) or acquired (alcoholic myopathy, systemic diseases, arterial occlusion, viral illness or bacterial sepsis)) and traumatic conditions. Additionally, RM can occur in some individuals under specific circumstances such as toxic substance use and illicit drug abuse. Lipid-lowering drugs in particular are capable of causing RM. This comprehensive review will focus on non-traumatic and non-drug-induced RM. Moreover, the pathology of RM, its clinical manifestation and biochemical effects, and finally its management will be discussed.

Keywords: dystrophy; myoglobulin; myopathy; rhabdomyolysis.