Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 attenuates 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis via repressing toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B

Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2020 Sep;36(9):705-711. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12225. Epub 2020 May 12.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurring inflammatory disorders in digestive system, and devoid of effective treatment. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), stimulated via inflammation whose inhibition could decrease secretion of inflammatory factors. We then determined whether inhibition of PCSK9 could improve the inflammation. First, rats model of colitis was first established via administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS), and then verified via determination of body weight loss, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and histopathological analysis of colonic damage. Results showed that treatment with TNBS induced a great body weight loss, MPO activity increase, and serious colonic damage, showing an obviously character of IBD. PCSK9 was elevated in TNBS-induced rats, and PCSK9 inhibition delivered by adenovirus vector increased the body weight, decreased MPO activity, and ameliorated histological change of colon. Second, the protective effect of PCSK9 inhibition against TNBS-induced colitis was accompanied by decrease of proinflammatory factors secretion, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. TNBS could activate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, while PCSK9 inhibition suppressed activation of TLR4/NF-κB in TNBS-induced rats. In conclusion, PCSK9 inhibition attenuated TNBS-induced rat colitis through anti-inflammatory effect under inactivation of TLR4/NF-κB, suggesting potential therapeutic strategy in IBD.

Keywords: NF-κB; PCSK9; TLR4; colitis; inflammation.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoviridae / genetics
  • Adenoviridae / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Body Weight
  • Chemokine CCL2 / genetics
  • Chemokine CCL2 / metabolism
  • Colitis / chemically induced
  • Colitis / genetics
  • Colitis / pathology
  • Colitis / prevention & control*
  • Colon / drug effects
  • Colon / metabolism*
  • Colon / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Genetic Vectors / chemistry
  • Genetic Vectors / metabolism
  • Inflammation
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / genetics
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / metabolism
  • Interleukin-1beta / genetics
  • Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Male
  • NF-kappa B / genetics*
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • PCSK9 Inhibitors
  • Peroxidase / genetics
  • Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Proprotein Convertase 9 / genetics*
  • Proprotein Convertase 9 / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Signal Transduction
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / genetics*
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism
  • Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Ccl2 protein, rat
  • Chemokine CCL2
  • ICAM1 protein, rat
  • IL1B protein, rat
  • Il6 protein, rat
  • Interleukin-1beta
  • Interleukin-6
  • NF-kappa B
  • PCSK9 Inhibitors
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Tlr4 protein, rat
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
  • Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
  • Peroxidase
  • PCSK9 protein, rat
  • Proprotein Convertase 9