Visualizing COVID-19 pandemic risk through network connectedness

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.011

Review

. 2020 Jul:96:558-561.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 May 8.

Visualizing COVID-19 pandemic risk through network connectedness

Mike K P So¹, Agnes Tiwari², Amanda M Y Chu³, Jenny T Y Tsang³, Jacky N L Chan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Information Systems, Business Statistics and Operations Management, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. Electronic address: immkpso@ust.hk.
² LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; School of Nursing, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong.
³ Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
⁴ Department of Information Systems, Business Statistics and Operations Management, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong.

PMID: 32437929
PMCID: PMC7207126
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.011

Review

Visualizing COVID-19 pandemic risk through network connectedness

Mike K P So et al. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul.

. 2020 Jul:96:558-561.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 May 8.

Authors

Mike K P So¹, Agnes Tiwari², Amanda M Y Chu³, Jenny T Y Tsang³, Jacky N L Chan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Information Systems, Business Statistics and Operations Management, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. Electronic address: immkpso@ust.hk.
² LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; School of Nursing, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong.
³ Department of Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
⁴ Department of Information Systems, Business Statistics and Operations Management, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong.

PMID: 32437929
PMCID: PMC7207126
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.011

Abstract

With the domestic and international spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), much attention has been given to estimating pandemic risk. We propose the novel application of a well-established scientific approach - the network analysis - to provide a direct visualization of the COVID-19 pandemic risk; infographics are provided in the figures. By showing visually the degree of connectedness between different regions based on reported confirmed cases of COVID-19, we demonstrate that network analysis provides a relatively simple yet powerful way to estimate the pandemic risk.

Keywords: Coronavirus; Infographics; Pandemic network; Pandemic preparedness; Risk assessment; Visualization.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Daily confirmed cases in China and the network graphs.

**Figure 2**
Worldwide daily confirmed cases (excluding China) and the network graphs.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Assessment: Systematic Review.
Chu AMY, Kwok PWH, Chan JNL, So MKP. Chu AMY, et al. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024 Apr 11;17:903-925. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S444494. eCollection 2024. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024. PMID: 38623576 Free PMC article. Review.
Standardized local assortativity in networks and systemic risk in financial markets.
So MKP, Mak ASW, Chan JNL, Chu AMY. So MKP, et al. PLoS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10):e0292327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292327. eCollection 2023. PLoS One. 2023. PMID: 37796858 Free PMC article.
Enhancing the Predictive Power of Google Trends Data Through Network Analysis: Infodemiology Study of COVID-19.
Chu AM, Chong ACY, Lai NHT, Tiwari A, So MKP. Chu AM, et al. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023 Sep 7;9:e42446. doi: 10.2196/42446. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023. PMID: 37676701 Free PMC article.
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Elhambakhsh F, Sabri-Laghaie K, Noorossana R. Elhambakhsh F, et al. J Appl Stat. 2022 Nov 15;50(11-12):2450-2472. doi: 10.1080/02664763.2022.2145459. eCollection 2023. J Appl Stat. 2022. PMID: 37529564 Free PMC article.
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Sharin SN, Radzali MK, Sani MSA. Sharin SN, et al. Healthc Anal (N Y). 2022 Nov;2:100080. doi: 10.1016/j.health.2022.100080. Epub 2022 Jul 19. Healthc Anal (N Y). 2022. PMID: 37520622 Free PMC article.

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References

1. Avdjiev S., Giudici P., Spelta A. Measuring contagion risk in international banking. J Finan Stab. 2019;42:36–51.
1. Bartlett M.S. The square root transformation in analysis of variance. Suppl J R Stat Soc. 1936;3(1):68–78.
1. Bartlett M.S. The use of transformations. Biometrics. 1947;3(1):39–52. - PubMed
1. Bennett D.A., Schneider J.A., Tang Y., Arnold S.E., Wilson R.S. The effect of social networks on the relation between Alzheimer’s disease pathology and level of cognitive function in old people: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:406–412. - PubMed
1. Billio M., Getmansky M., Lo A.W., Pelizzon L. Econometric measures of connectedness and systemic risk in the finance and insurance sectors. J Finan Econ. 2012;104:535–559.

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[1] Avdjiev S., Giudici P., Spelta A. Measuring contagion risk in international banking. J Finan Stab. 2019;42:36–51.

[2] Avdjiev S., Giudici P., Spelta A. Measuring contagion risk in international banking. J Finan Stab. 2019;42:36–51.

[3] Bartlett M.S. The square root transformation in analysis of variance. Suppl J R Stat Soc. 1936;3(1):68–78.

[4] Bartlett M.S. The square root transformation in analysis of variance. Suppl J R Stat Soc. 1936;3(1):68–78.

[5] Bartlett M.S. The use of transformations. Biometrics. 1947;3(1):39–52. - PubMed

[6] Bartlett M.S. The use of transformations. Biometrics. 1947;3(1):39–52. - PubMed

[7] Bennett D.A., Schneider J.A., Tang Y., Arnold S.E., Wilson R.S. The effect of social networks on the relation between Alzheimer’s disease pathology and level of cognitive function in old people: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:406–412. - PubMed

[8] Bennett D.A., Schneider J.A., Tang Y., Arnold S.E., Wilson R.S. The effect of social networks on the relation between Alzheimer’s disease pathology and level of cognitive function in old people: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:406–412. - PubMed

[9] Billio M., Getmansky M., Lo A.W., Pelizzon L. Econometric measures of connectedness and systemic risk in the finance and insurance sectors. J Finan Econ. 2012;104:535–559.

[10] Billio M., Getmansky M., Lo A.W., Pelizzon L. Econometric measures of connectedness and systemic risk in the finance and insurance sectors. J Finan Econ. 2012;104:535–559.

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Visualizing COVID-19 pandemic risk through network connectedness

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Visualizing COVID-19 pandemic risk through network connectedness

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