Approach to Feeding Difficulties in Neonates and Infants: A Comprehensive Overview

Clin Perinatol. 2020 Jun;47(2):265-276. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.006. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Abstract

Deglutition disorders (DD) can be transient and considered as physiologic during normal maturation. However, when oral feeding milestones are impaired and bothersome symptoms and aerodigestive consequences are associated, it is interpreted as DD with varying specific entities, such as feeding difficulties, swallowing disorders, aerodigestive illness, and aspiration syndromes. Symptoms related to DD are heterogeneous and managed empirically. This article clarifies current controversies, explains the potential role of safe feeding and physiologic and pathophysiologic perspectives, and highlights current advances in the field. Evidence basis for diagnostic strategies is discussed, and involves evaluation for structure and function tests, and nutrition and feeding assessment.

Keywords: Aerodigestive pathophysiology; Deglutition; Dysphagia; Feeding difficulties; Infant; Mechanisms.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Deglutition Disorders / congenital*
  • Deglutition Disorders / physiopathology
  • Deglutition Disorders / therapy*
  • Feeding Behavior / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Sucking Behavior / physiology*