This study's main purpose was to explore the effects of active leisure participation on poor children's psychological capital, while also investigating the mediated effect of peer support. The sample consisted of 483 economically disadvantaged children, selected and analysed from the Taiwan Database of Children and Youth in Poverty (fifth wave). The study employed partial least squares-structural equation modelling to analyse the relationship between the variables: active leisure participation (exercise and nature travel), peer support, and psychological capital in economically disadvantaged children. The results showed that active leisure participation improved psychological capital and peer support in economically disadvantaged students; and peer support was an important mediator between the other two variables.