Particulate matter (PM) pollution has become a serious public health issue, especially with outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. However, most present filters are bulky, opaque, and show low-efficiency PM0.3 /pathogen interception and inevitable trade-off between PM removal and air permeability. Here, a unique electrospraying-netting technique is used to create spider-web-inspired network generator (SWING) air filters. Manipulation of the dynamic of the Taylor cone and phase separation of its ejected droplets enable the generation of 2D self-charging nanostructured networks on a large scale. The resultant SWING filters show exceptional long-range electrostatic property driven by aeolian vibration, enabling self-sustained PM adhesion. Combined with their Steiner-tree-structured pores (size 200-300 nm) consisting of nanowires (diameter 12 nm), the SWING filters exhibit high efficiency (>99.995% PM0.3 removal), low air resistance (<0.09% atmosphere pressure), high transparency (>82%), and remarkable bioprotective activity for biohazard pathogens. This work may shed light on designing new fibrous materials for environmental and energy applications.
Keywords: air filtration; bioprotective equipment; electrospraying-netting; electrostatic; fibrous network; personal protective equipment (PPE).
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