Post-translational Modification Regulates Formation and Cargo-Loading of Extracellular Vesicles

Front Immunol. 2020 May 22:11:948. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00948. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate the selective encapsulation of non-coding RNA molecules into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and contribute to the downstream functions of EVs or EV-cargo non-coding RNAs. EVs are a newly studied mechanism of intercellular communication that involves the transfer of molecules, including but not limited to proteins, lipids, and non-coding RNAs, to induce functional changes in the recipient cells. In this present mini-review, we focus on the PTM-regulated protein and non-coding RNA selection into eukaryotic EVs.

Keywords: EV; EV-cargo; EV-miRNA; EV-protein; PTM; exosome.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Extracellular Vesicles / genetics
  • Extracellular Vesicles / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational*
  • Protein Transport
  • RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional*
  • RNA, Untranslated / genetics
  • RNA, Untranslated / metabolism*

Substances

  • RNA, Untranslated