Retinal ganglion cell complex and visual evoked potentials in levetiracetam treatment

Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2020 Sep;39(3):237-243. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2020.1778016. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Abstract

Purpose: To examine central macular, RNFL (retinal nerve fibre layer), GCC (ganglion cell complex) thicknesses; and VEPs (visual evoked potential) in epileptic patients using levetiracetam for at least one year.

Materials and methods: Sixteen focal epileptic patients receiving levetiracetam monotherapy and 16 healthy subjects were included in the study. Central macular, RNFL and GCC thicknesses according to spectral domain OCT (optical coherence tomography); and VEPs parameters were compared between patients and healthy subjects.

Results: The mean age of patient and control groups were 40 ± 16 and 38 ± 12 years respectively (p > 0.05). The patient group was on levetiracetam therapy for 64 ± 45 (12-168) months. Central macular thickness was thinner in the patient group (p = 0.008). There was no difference among groups regarding RNFL thicknesses. GCC thicknesses in all quadrants were similar among groups, except the superior quadrant; which was thinner in the patient group (p = 0.03). P100 amplitude in 30 min pattern was lower in the patient group (p = 0.04). N135 latency in 15 min (p = 0.03) and 7 min patterns (p = 0.01) was longer in the patient group.

Conclusion: Central macular and GCC thicknesses; and VEP parameters in patients receiving levetiracetam treatment may differ from healthy subjects.

Keywords: Levetiracetam; ganglion cell complex layer; optic coherence tomography; retinal nerve fiber layer; visual evoked potential.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anticonvulsants / adverse effects*
  • Epilepsy / diagnostic imaging
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy*
  • Epilepsy / physiopathology
  • Evoked Potentials, Visual / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Levetiracetam / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Fibers / drug effects*
  • Nerve Fibers / physiology
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / drug effects*
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / physiology
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Levetiracetam