Ethical Criteria for the Admission and Management of Patients in the ICU Under Conditions of Limited Medical Resources: A Shared International Proposal in View of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Affiliations

• ¹ Institute of Philosophy of Scientific and Technological Practice (FAST), Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
• ² Department of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
• ³ Research Unit of Medical Statistic and Molecular Epidemiology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
• ⁴ Department of Business, Law and Society, St Mary's University, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁵ Institute for Family Studies & Ethics, Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya.
• ⁶ Fondazione Leonardo, Civiltà delle Macchine, Rome, Italy.
• ⁷ Section of Infection Diseases, Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
• ⁸ Bioethics Unit, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
• ⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
• ¹⁰ Hospital Clinical Direction, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
• ¹¹ Division of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
• ¹² Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
• ¹³ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
• ¹⁴ Department of Political Sciences, Ethics and Sociology, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain.
• ¹⁵ Teaching and Learning Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
• ¹⁶ Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
• ¹⁷ Department of Philosophy, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
• ¹⁸ Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
• ¹⁹ Prehospital Emergency Medical Service (SAMU 67), Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
• ²⁰ Center for Clinical Ethics, Insubria University, Varese, Italy.
• ²¹ Instituto de Bioética de la Facultad de Ciencias Médica, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• ²² School of Law, University of Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
• ²³ Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
• ²⁴ Central Medical Department, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Rome, Italy.
• ²⁵ School of Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
• ²⁶ Centre for Bioethics and Emerging Technologies, Institute of Theology, St Mary's University, London, United Kingdom.
• ²⁷ Interdisciplinary Bioethics Center, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City, Mexico.
• ²⁸ Program for Biomedical Ethics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.