Autoimmune and demyelinating optic neuritis

Abstract

The knowledge on demyelinating and autoimmune optic neuropathies has experienced a revolution the last decade since the discovery of anti-aquaporin 4 antibody. Improvements in diagnostic techniques, and the finding of new targets, along with advances in neuro-immunology have led to the detection of antibodies related to demyelinating diseases. A review is presented on the classical and new concepts in optic neuritis. The debate on the classification of demyelinating and autoimmune optic neuritis is presented. Furthermore, the updated diagnostic criteria in multiple sclerosis and neuro-myelitis optics are described. Finally, the latest insights into Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) disorders and chronic-recurring optic neuropathies (CRION) are highlited.

Keywords: Anti-MOG antibody; Anticuerpos anti-MOG; CRION; Esclerosis múltiple (MS); MOG-opathy; MOGopatía; Multiple sclerosis (MS); Neuritis ópticas; Neuromielitis óptica (NMO); Neuromyelitis optica (NMO); Optic neuritis.