Changes in the gut microbiota mediate the differential regulatory effects of two glucose oxidases produced by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium amagasakiense on the meat quality and growth performance of broilers

Shengru Wu; Xiaodong Chen; Taohuan Li; Hao Ren; Lixin Zheng; Xiaojun Yang

doi:10.1186/s40104-020-00480-z

Changes in the gut microbiota mediate the differential regulatory effects of two glucose oxidases produced by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium amagasakiense on the meat quality and growth performance of broilers

J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2020 Jul 6:11:73. doi: 10.1186/s40104-020-00480-z. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Shengru Wu^{1

2}, Xiaodong Chen¹, Taohuan Li^{1

3}, Hao Ren¹, Lixin Zheng¹, Xiaojun Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi China.
² Center for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
³ Jiangxi Zhengbang Technology Co., Ltd., Nanchang, Jiangxi China.

Abstract

Background: Glucose oxidase (GOD), an aerobic dehydrogenase, has been used as an antibiotic substitute in feed. A study was conducted to evaluate the differential effects of 2 different GODs fermented by Aspergillus niger or Penicillium amagasakiense on caecal microbiota and to further illuminate the potential roles of changes in the gut microbiota in regulating the growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens.

Results: A total of 420 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: the control group, the antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) supplementation group, and the GOD-A and GOD-P (GODs produced by A. niger and P. amagasakiense, respectively) groups. As a result, supplementation with GOD produced by P. amagasakiense could significantly improve the average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake of broilers before 21 days of age by significantly increasing the enzymatic activities of jejunal amylase and those of ileal amylase, chymotrypsin, and lipase in 21-day-old broilers and could increase the enzymatic activities of duodenal amylase, jejunal amylase and lipase, and ileal chymotrypsin and lipase in 42-day-old broilers. Meanwhile, compared with AGP treatment, supplementation with GOD produced by P. amagasakiense significantly decreased the L value of 21-day-old broilers and the ΔpH and L* value of 42-day-old broilers, while supplementation with GOD produced by A. niger significantly increased the pH_{24 h} value of 21-day-old and 42-day-old broilers by reducing plasma malondialdehyde content. By using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that the beneficial bacteria and microbiota in broilers were not disturbed but were improved by GOD supplementation compared with ADP treatment, including the genera Eubacterium and Christensenella and the species uncultured_Eubacterium_sp, Clostridium_asparagiforme, and uncultured_Christensenella_sp, which were positively related to the improved intestinal digestive enzymatic activities, growth performance, and meat quality of broilers.

Conclusion: The altered gut microbiota induced by supplementation with glucose oxidase produced by P. amagasakiense mediate better regulatory effects on the meat quality and growth performance of broilers than that induced by supplementation with glucose oxidase produced by A. niger.

Keywords: Broiler; Glucose oxidase; Growth performance; Gut function; Gut microbiota.