Sigmoid Colon Varices due to Massive Thrombosis of a Noncirrhotic Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

Intern Med. 2020 Nov 1;59(21):2705-2710. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.4925-20. Epub 2020 Jul 14.

Abstract

A 33-year-old man presented with hepatic encephalopathy and was diagnosed to have a noncirrhotic extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (NCPSS). He presented with abdominal pain 16 months after the NCPSS diagnosis. Computed tomography revealed thrombosis between the intrahepatic portal vein and the left internal iliac vein, including the NCPSS, and varices of the sigmoid colon. Thrombosis was treated with danaparoid sodium and antithrombin III followed by edoxaban. After treatment, the thrombosis disappeared from the intrahepatic portal vein, but it remained in the NCPSS. The sigmoid colon varices were followed up without any treatment. Follow-up is needed in NCPSS patients in order to make an early detection of complications.

Keywords: congenital portosystemic shunt; danaparoid; ectopic varices; portal vein thrombosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
  • Chondroitin Sulfates / therapeutic use
  • Colon, Sigmoid / physiopathology
  • Dermatan Sulfate / therapeutic use
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Heparitin Sulfate / therapeutic use
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / diagnosis*
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Portal Vein / physiopathology
  • Portal Vein / surgery*
  • Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic / adverse effects*
  • Pyridines / therapeutic use
  • Thiazoles / therapeutic use
  • Thrombosis / complications*
  • Thrombosis / drug therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Varicose Veins / etiology*
  • Varicose Veins / physiopathology
  • Varicose Veins / therapy*

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors
  • Pyridines
  • Thiazoles
  • Dermatan Sulfate
  • Chondroitin Sulfates
  • Heparitin Sulfate
  • danaparoid
  • edoxaban